Surface Tension Simulation: A pairwise force approach
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Surface tension plays a vital role in fluid mechanics, particularly in microfluidic systems. This study develops and validates a computational model using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) methodology with an Internal Pairwise Force (IPF) approach, employing an interparticle interaction potential calibrated via the Young-Laplace equation. The model’s accuracy was confirmed through benchmark tests, including droplet spherification, impact dynamics, oscillation frequency analysis, and stalagmometric comparisons. After validation, the model was used to simulate fluid behavior in microchannels, successfully replicating filling dynamics and interface phenomena, aligning closely with theoretical and experimental results.